Instead of going into bankruptcy, everyone, including the States, was provided with the opportunity to use the new Federal Reserve Notes, called (incorrectly) "lawful money" grounded in perpetual debt of the "eligible paper" which formed the assets of the Federal Reserve and the National Banks, These are also known as "units of monetized debt". paid back or come reduced for anything since that infamous day of June 5, 1933 when Roosevelt willfully and knowingly stole Our gold and gave it to a bunch of foreign bankers. (Lawfully, debts can only be paid with money - money as defined by the Law of the Land - The Constitution - being gold and silver coin. Anything else is not lawful money and cannot therefore lawfully "pay a debt".) Thus, overnight, We The People became liable for specific performance on the basis of a debt action of assumpsit under the private Laws Supplier, operating outside of the Constitution and imposing an Equitable jurisdiction. A jurisdiction in which no one has any rights, where one can be compelled summarily to deliver his property without trial by Common Law jury. And the debts to the private bankers keep mounting ever higher.
Admiralty and you may coastal jurisdiction comprises two types of instances: (1) people involving serves the time towards the highest oceans or any other navigable waters, and you will (2) those people
An effective freeborn, Sovereign Western personal can not be forced on the perpetual debtorship and involuntary servitude, that is, feudalistic show on the behalf of, and meet24 also for the advantage of, any individual, genuine or juristic, up against his Thirteenth Post from Amendments to your Structure of the United states. Neither is also The guy getting motivated, legally, to accept, or to promote advised consent to deal with, an equitable legislation international so you're able to their Expenses of Liberties.
On beginning out-of authorities under the Structure , Congress conferred towards government district process of law personal cognizance "of all municipal reasons for admiralty and you will maritime jurisdiction, . . . . . . ; saving so you're able to suitors, in all cases, ideal from a familiar Legislation option, where in actuality the Common law are competent to provide;. . ." (1 STAT 77, Section nine (1789))
Put differently, the following form of situation must have a primary exposure to maritime commerce
That legislation was kept to be personal, the power of legislation on a single topic must necessarily be in the national legislature rather than in the state legislatures.
Congress enacted the Limited Liability Act on March 3, 1851. It is codified at Title 46, United States Code, Sections 181-189, as amended in 1875, 1877, 1935, 1936 and the Act of 1884. It intended to cover the entire subject of limitations, and to invest the U. S. District Courts with exclusive original cognizance of all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, exclusive of the States. This means that the States do not have any jurisdiction in admiralty and maritime matters, at all.
Suits in admiralty traditionally took the form of a proceeding within the rem against the vessel, and, with exceptions to be noted, such proceedings into the rem are confined exclusively to federal admiralty courts, because the grant of exclusive jurisdiction to the federal courts by the Judiciary Act of 1789 has been interpreted as referring to the traditional admiralty action, the for the rem action, that was unknown to the Common law.
State courts are forbidden by the Constitution to have Admiralty jurisdiction. While State courts are permitted to handle and attempt Admiralty cases if the suitor desires, it needs to be an enthusiastic Admiralty count to begin with and it must involve property, otherwise there would not be a Common Law remedy. In other words, the Common Law courts would not be competent to handle it. More than this, it would need to be tried in a Common Law court, following Common Law procedures (not Equity procedures) with a Trial by a Common Law jury.
